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In this lesson, we will learn about concessive expressions (expressing contrast or concession) in Vietnamese.
A “concession” refers to a connection where the preceding and succeeding clauses have an opposing relationship, or where the expected result from the first clause does not happen in the second clause. In English, conjunctions like “but,” “although,” “though,” and “even though” are often used to express this. In Vietnamese, the structures “Tuy ~ nhưng ~” or “Mặc dù ~ nhưng ~” are used for this purpose.
Concessive Expression: “Although ~” Structure
* If Subject ① and Subject ② refer to the same person, the subject in the first clause (Subject ①) can be omitted.
Example Sentences:
① Tuy trời mưa nhưng tôi vẫn đi học.
Although it is raining, I still go to school.
② Mặc dù chưa gặp chị ấy nhưng tôi đã nghe nhiều về chị ấy.
Although I have never met her, I have heard a lot about her.
③ Mặc dù đã no nhưng chị ấy vẫn muốn ăn tráng miệng.
Even though she is full, she still wants to eat dessert.
④ Tuy bị cảm nhưng anh ấy vẫn đi làm.
Although he has a cold, he still goes to work.
⑤ Mặc dù chưa đi Việt Nam lần nào nhưng chị ấy rất rành về Việt Nam.
Although she has never been to Vietnam, she knows a lot about Vietnam.
⑥ Mặc dù không phải là thông dịch viên chuyên nghiệp nhưng anh ấy đã dịch rất hay.
Although he is not a professional interpreter, he translated very well.
⑦ Tuy bận rộn nhưng chị ấy đã đến dự tiệc sinh nhật của tôi.
Even though she was busy, she came to my birthday party.
⑧ Mặc dù không được mời nhưng anh ấy vẫn đến buổi tiệc.
Although he was not invited, he still came to the party.
⑨ Mặc dù gặp nhiều khó khăn nhưng anh ấy vẫn không bỏ cuộc.
Despite facing many difficulties, he still does not give up.
⑩ Tuy giàu nhưng ông ấy rất keo kiệt.
Although he is rich, he is very stingy.